Es ist als Make-up-Entferner genauso effektiv wie als Maske für strapaziertes Haar und dient unter anderem als sanfte und wohlduftende Lippenpflege. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais. Bei der Standortwahl sollten Sie außerdem immer berücksichtigen, dass die Kokospalme stets sehr viel Licht braucht. [113], The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, one of the most valuable Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. 2018. Auch gegen Spinnmilben hilft regelmäßiges Besprühen der Blätter. So pflegen Sie die exotische Zimmerpflanze richtig. No.14: Vegetable oils and fats. Decayed roots are replaced regularly as the tree grows new ones. In Cambodia, the roots are used in traditional medicine as a treatment for dysentery. [94] Coconut milk can be diluted to create coconut milk beverages. Cocos nucifera - Der Testsieger . CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (. And no coconut can float over the sea faster than a balsa raft moves with the wind behind it. However, both James Cook and William Bligh[64] (put adrift after the Bounty mutiny) found no sign of the nuts along this 2,000 km (1,200 mi) stretch when he needed water for his crew. [75] A sprouting coconut seed is the logo for Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, the Indonesian scouting organization. The gross production was 15 million tonnes. ; Muralidharan, K.; Parthasarathy, V.A. First edition, Blandford Press. [132] Often it is decorated with bright metal foils and other symbols of auspiciousness. [citation needed]. The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a source of charcoal. Tissue culture and associated biotechnological interventions for the improvement of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.): a review Coconuts' versatility is sometimes noted in its naming. [76], The Philippines is the world's second-largest producer of coconuts. The stiff midribs of coconut leaves are used for making brooms in India, Indonesia (sapu lidi), Malaysia, the Maldives, and the Philippines (walis tingting). Kokosnüsse bilden sich in der Regel nur an Freilandpflanzen im tropischen Klima. Außerdem werden die Wedel als Dachdeckmaterial verwendet. The white, fleshy part of the seed, the coconut meat, is used fresh or dried in cooking, especially in confections and desserts such as macaroons and buko pie. Cocos nucifera L. Preferred Common Name. [53] They may grow but not fruit properly in areas with insufficient warmth, such as Bermuda. The leaves also provide material for baskets that can draw well water and for roofing thatch; they can be woven into mats, cooking skewers, and kindling arrows as well. This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). DOI link for COCOS NUCIFERA L. (ARECACEAE) Coconut. Halved, drained coconuts can also be hung up as bird feeders, and after the flesh has gone, can be filled with fat in winter to attract tits. [109] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). The reasons why coconut are cultivated only in Yemen's Al Mahrah and Hadramaut governorates and in the Sultanate of Oman, but not in other suitable areas in the Arabian Peninsula, may originate from the fact that Oman and Hadramaut had long dhow trade relations with Burma, Malaysia, Indonesia, East Africa, and Zanzibar, as well as southern India and China. Some seasonal variation is tolerated, with good growth where mean summer temperatures are between 28 and 37 °C (82 and 99 °F), and survival as long as winter temperatures are above 4–12 °C (39–54 °F); they will survive brief drops to 0 °C (32 °F). [95], Coconut milk and coconut cream extracted from grated coconut is frequently added to various dessert and savory dishes, as well as in curries and stews. Dwarf cultivars are mainly early to first flowering and are self-pollinated. The word ‘Narali’ is derived from naral implying ‘coconut’ in Marathi. [87] The artificial landscaping may have been the cause for lethal yellowing, a viral coconut palm disease that leads to the death of the tree. The various parts of the coconut have a number of culinary uses. Plant Resources of South-East Asia. Coconut, Cocos nucifera L., is a tree that is cultivated for its multiple utilities, mainly for its nutritional and medicinal values. [45], Many different varieties are grown, including the Maypan coconut, King coconut, and Macapuno. [134] In the foothills of the temple town of Palani, before going to worship Murugan for the Ganesha, coconuts are broken at a place marked for the purpose. Gasa suggested, for lack of paper, delivering by dugout canoe a message inscribed on a husked coconut shell, reading “Nauru Isl commander / native knows posit / he can pilot / 11 alive need small boat / Kennedy.”[117] This coconut was later kept on the president's desk, and is now in the John F. Kennedy Library.[118]. 2) indicated that Cocos nucifera was a diploid species with low heterozygosity and a high proportion of repetitive sequences. [4][5][6] Coco and coconut apparently came from 1521 encounters by Portuguese and Spanish explorers with Pacific islanders, with the coconut shell reminding them of a ghost or witch in Portuguese folklore called coco (also côca). Per 100-gram serving, coconut water contains 19 calories and no significant content of essential nutrients. Allerdings müssen Sie dann darauf achten, dass nachts die Temperaturen nicht unter 20 Grad sinken, da die Kokospalme bei starken Temperaturschwankungen das Wachstum einstellt. Cocos indica Royle. Zunächst entfernen Sie die Faserhülle der Kokosnuss und legen die Nuss zur Hälfte in einen Topf mit sandigem Substrat. The term coconut refers to the fruit of the coconut palm. Coconuts can only be grown in temperatures above 18 °C (64 °F) and need a daily temperature above 22 °C (72 °F) to produce fruit. [48] Coconuts sold in the shops of nontropical countries often have had the exocarp (outermost layer) removed. The decreased buoyancy and increased fragility of this spherical, thin-husked fruit would not matter for a species that had started to be dispersed by humans and grown in plantations. Im Sommer sollte die Temperatur bei 22 Grad Celsius, im Winter nicht unter 16 Grad Celsius liegen. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). Contact us about this record. Cocos nucifera L. Familie Arecaceae - Palmengewächse. Over the course of evolutionary time-scales the shifting atolls would have shortened the paths of colonization, meaning that any one coconut would not have to travel very far to find new land. [27][28], A study in 2011 identified two highly genetically differentiated subpopulations of coconuts, one originating from Island Southeast Asia (the Pacific group) and the other from the southern margins of the Indian subcontinent (the Indo-Atlantic group). In the Philippines, this alcoholic drink is called lambanog or "coconut vodka". The plant is originally from Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines) and the islands between the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Though Kerala has the largest number of coconut trees, in terms of production per hectare, Tamil Nadu leads all other states. nuciferae. Auf was Sie beim Kauf Ihres Cocos nucifera achten sollten! Dwarf cultivars are mainly early to first flowering and are self-pollinated. The shell has three germination pores (micropyles) or "eyes" that are clearly visible on its outside surface once the husk is removed. [68], The coconut palm is damaged by the larvae of many Lepidoptera (butterfly and moth) species which feed on it, including the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta) and Batrachedra spp. It can be reduced further to yield coconut sugar also referred to as palm sugar or jaggery. He took the term from the Arabs, who called it جوز هندي jawz hindī, translating to 'Indian nut'. In Asia, coconut shells are also used as bowls and in the manufacture of various handicrafts, including buttons carved from dried shell. [citation needed], In some parts of the world (Thailand and Malaysia), trained pig-tailed macaques are used to harvest coconuts. Mathur, P.N. that C. nucifera was introduced to the eastern Pacific in pre-Columbian times. Coco Palm (English) Coconut (English) Coconut Palm (English) Je'er (Semai) Kelapa (Malay) Kerambil (Malay) Nyior (Malay) Residential. In the Philippines, dried half shells are also used as a music instrument in a folk dance called maglalatik. [13] Another early mention of the coconut dates back to the "One Thousand and One Nights" story of Sinbad the Sailor wherein he bought and sold a coconut during his fifth voyage. Kuala Lumpur: HMRC IMR; 2002. p. 205. They are ubiquitous in coastal tropical regions and are a cultural icon of the tropics. Diplothemium henryanum F.Br. Als Schopfbaum bilden sie keine Kronen, sondern tragen am Stamm-Ende einen dichten Kranz großer Blätter. John S. Wilson (1959), Scouting Round the World. Coconut oil, aside from being used in cooking as an ingredient and for frying, is used in soaps, cosmetics, hair oil, and massage oil. Etwas ältere Exemplare gedeihen in normaler Palmenerde am besten. unpublished. [50] However, there is some evidence that it may be polygamomonoecious, and may occasionally have bisexual flowers. Jetzt noch mehr Pflanzen und Gartenbedarf im MEIN SCHÖNER GARTEN-Shop entdecken! Kokosöl wird in der Küche vor allem zum Backen, Braten und Frittieren verwendet, daneben in der Süßwarenindustrie, für pharmazeutische und kosmetische Zwecke sowie als Ausgangsstoff für die Oleochemie. The edible part of the coconut fruit (coconut meat and coconut water) is the endosperm tissue. BHL POWO . Pollen shedding overlaps with the opening of the female flowers. A young, well-maintained tree can produce around 300 litres (66 imp gal; 79 US gal) of toddy per year, while a 40-year-old tree may yield around 400 litres (88 imp gal; 110 US gal). The chromosome number is of 2n = 32 (Teulat et al., 2000). Cocos nucifera. I NC I: Cocos Nuci fera Oi l certified organic. Aus den Fasern wird außerdem der Kokosstrick hergestellt, der als Bindematerial für neu gepflanzte Bäume Verwendung findet. Dwarf varieties are also available. Um Ihnen als Kunde bei der Produktauswahl etwas Unterstützung zu geben, hat unser Testerteam außerdem unseren Testsieger ausgesucht, der zweifelsfrei unter allen Cocos nucifera beeindruckend hervorsticht - insbesondere beim Thema Preis-Leistung. In our calculations, N was 2 049 520 223, L was 100, and K_depth was 71 for K = 17. Coconut palm … Abstract. Dried coconut leaves can be burned to ash, which can be harvested for lime. COCOS NUCIFERA L. (ARECACEAE) Coconut book. The in vitro assay was based on egg hatching (EHT) and larval development tests (LDT) with Haemonchus contortus. [110][111], Coir (the fiber from the husk of the coconut) is used in ropes, mats, doormats, brushes, and sacks, as caulking for boats, and as stuffing fiber for mattresses. Santos, G.A., Batugal, P.A., Othman, A., Baudouin, L., and Labouisse J.P. 1996. The falling nature of their mature fruit has led to preoccupation with death by coconut.[3]. (eds.). Throughout history, humans have used medicinal plants therapeutically, and minerals, plants, and animals have traditionally been the main sources of drugs. They were commonly carried by Spanish ships as a source of fresh water. [108] They can also be processed to extract palm sugar. Coconut water serves as a suspension for the endosperm of the coconut during its nuclear phase of development. [96][97] It can also be diluted into a beverage. Die Kokospalme wird aus einer Kokosnuss gezogen. These provide substantial circumstantial evidence that deliberate Austronesian voyagers were involved in carrying coconuts across the Pacific Ocean and that they could not have dispersed worldwide without human agency. Bourke, R. Michael and Tracy Harwood (Eds.). [80][81], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. Cocos nucifera L. JAMES A. ALLEN Paul Smiths College Paul Smiths, NY ARECACEAE (PALM FAMILY) Palmas cocos Miller Coco, coco de aqua, coco-palm, coconut, cocotero, niu, palma de coco (Little and Skolmen 1989) as 4 to 5 years in dwarf varieties and 7 to 8 years in tall vari-eties. The cups were frequently engraved and decorated with precious metals.[115]. Cocos nucifera var. This pattern coincides with the known trade routes of Austronesian sailors. (April 2006). [32] Thor Heyerdahl provides an alternative, and much shorter, estimate based on his first-hand experience crossing the Pacific Ocean on the raft Kon-Tiki: "The nuts we had in baskets on deck remained edible and capable of germinating the whole way to Polynesia. Tempurung, as the shell is called in the Malay language, can be used as a soup bowl and—if fixed with a handle—a ladle. It has leaves that are 4–6 m long. [66] In the Hawaiian Islands, the coconut is regarded as a Polynesian introduction, first brought to the islands by early Polynesian voyagers from their homelands in the southern islands of Polynesia. [23][24][25][20] Their cultivation and spread was closely tied to the early migrations of the Austronesian peoples who carried coconuts as canoe plants to islands they settled. It takes around 6,000 full-grown coconuts to produce one tonne of copra. In Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore and Tirupur regions top the production list. These includes two specimens named "Cocos" palaeonucifera and "Cocos" binoriensis, both were dated by their authors to the Maastrichtian–Danian of the early Tertiary (70 to 62 million years ago). Gleich nach dem Kauf sollten Sie außerdem immer berücksichtigen, dass Sie leuchtend grüne Blätter trägt,. 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